What is a deforming osteoarthritis of the hip joint and why it occurs
The osteoarthritis of the hip joint (also known as coxarthritis and deforming arthrosis of the hip joint) is one of the most frequently diagnosed pathologies of the bone muscles.In Russia, this disease is a main cause of disabilities in people with common illnesses.
As a reference
Coksartrose is a chronic inflammation of the hip joint, which is characterized by premature destruction of the cartilage, the narrowing of the common gap and a decrease in the mobility of the leg from the lesion.
The problem of a person suffering from osteoarthritis of the hip joint can be compared with a door whose loops are not lubricated.Due to the lack of "lubrication" in the joint, the bones come into contact, which causes pain and restrictions (like a short and close course of the door).When the disease is ignored, occur on bone surfaces later ("rust"), which restrict more and more movements in the joint and with disadvantageous results, and fulfills its function.
It is usually assumed that the osteoarthritis of the hip joint is an age problem.Statistics confirm this point of view: After 40 years, such a diagnosis was made to one of ten after 60 years - one of three patients and 70% of the cases for 70 years.
Under the causes of the arthrosis of the hip joint, the following are most important:
- Inborn has impaired the development (dysplasia) of the joint, which can only indicate adulthood;
- Early born wear of the joints that occur due to intensive loads in athletes or in obesity;
- Injuries and infections that affect the musculoskeletal system;
- other diseases of the musculoskeletal system that lead to a pathological redistribution of the load on the joints;
- Violation of blood supply to the joint (for example due to vessels atherosclerosis).
Doctors believe that a combination of factors leads to osteoarthritis of the hip joint.Therefore, the pathological process in humans with a disposition for this disease occurs earlier, such as in patients with obesity, diabetes mellitus or ischemic damage to the heart.
Symptoms of coxarthrosis
The first sign of osteoarthritis is pain after physical activity.Unpleasant sensations arise both in the inguinal bite as well as in the thigh and in the knee.
This is important
Often the pain in coxarthrosis concentrates in the knee joint, and one person addresses the doctor with such a complaint.An inexperienced doctor can prescribe an X rays of this area and, if there are minor changes, make an incorrect diagnosis - gonar rose of the 1st degree.As a result, time is overlooked.Therefore, it is worthwhile with pain in the leg, time to search for a competent orthopedic doctor and a good orthopedic clinic.
If Coksartrose is not to be treated in the early stages, the following symptoms combine the pain: stiffness and crispness in the joint, a change in the passage (often to avoid unpleasant sensations, the patients develop the leg to the outside and transmit from side to side - a "duck" bench) that is formed), which is formed).Over time, the pathological process leads to atrophy of the hip muscles and the visual shortening of the diseased limb.In the later stages, an osteoarthrosis of the hip joint develops into ankyloses - the complete fraining of the femur with a pool, which is why the leg is fixed in a position and only performs the support function.
Illness
Doctors differentiate three degrees of coxarthrosis for the convenience of diagnostics:
- 1 degree of arthrosisThe hip joint is set with moderate pain manifestations and the lack of restrictions in movements.With the radiography, a small narrowing of the common gap and the growth of single bones, osteophytes are noticeably a small narrowing.Subject to adequate treatment, the coxarthritis of the 1st degree can be stopped by eliminating the symptoms of the disease.
- 2 degrees of coxarthrosisIt is also accompanied by painful pain in the rest of the leg.The movements in the joint are difficult: a person cannot raise and take the leg aside.The pain is particularly noticeable when an attempt is made to develop the foot of the straight leg to the right and left.The patient is lame, sometimes a crunch can be heard in the joint.In X -Ray pictures -Deformation of the thigh head, numerous osteophytes and narrowing of the common gap per third.Therapeutic measures make it possible to suspend the course of the disease for many years.
- At3 degrees coxarthrosisThe pain in the joint cannot be removed by the clock, the atrophy of the muscles of the thigh and buttocks is created - the entire body of a person seems to be distorted in the direction of the lesion.X -Ray shows a deep deformation of the joint and a narrowing of the gap of the gap to the full connection of the bone surfaces.The therapeutic approach usually does not provide a specific effect - a joint replacement for a prosthesis is required.
To diagnose deforming arthrosis, it is used as an external examination in which the doctor examines the mobility of the leg, the course and the appearance of the patient as well as radiography.In case of doubt, the specialist also prescribes a direction for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the hip joint to the correctness of the diagnosis.
How to treat arthrosis of the hip joint
The struggle against cokesart trosis requires the participation of various methods: from medicinal products and physiotherapy exercises to the joints of the joint and the operation, which are usually prescribed for unsuccessful attempts to turn back the development of the disease.
Conservative treatment
Non -surgical treatment requires time and financial costs, but can improve the quality of the patient's quality of life in the long run - to cancel the need for surgical operation.The first that prescribes an orthopedist coksart rose are medicines that relieve pain and inflammation (non -steroidal and steroidal anti -inflammatory medication, muscle relaxants).In order to activate blood supply in the field of osteoarthritis and restoration of cartilage tissue, vasodilating medication and chondroprotectors.In addition, the patient can offer modern methodology to stimulate regenerative processes - plasmolification, ie the injection of the patient's blood components into the pathological focus.These measures are most effective in arthrosis of the hip joint of the 1st and 2nd severity.
Non -surgical treatment methods
In addition to tablets, ointments and injections, the treatment of coxarthrosis requires the use of physiotherapy and kine therapy as well as correction of nutrition.An auxiliary strategy developed by experienced orthopedics enables people with 1 and 2 arthrosis arthrosis of the hip joint to avoid endoprosthetics and to limit the need for medication.
Physiotherapy
- Shock wave therapy (UVT)It is used in cardiology, neurology, orthopedics and sports medicine.The basis of the effect on the body is sound waves that enable blood flow to the desired area of the body, stimulates regeneration processes and accelerates the metabolism.This relatively new method already shows significant results in the treatment of diseases of the musculoskeletal system and becomes one of the most popular.
- MyostimulationIn the event of a coxarthrosis, it aims to restore the muscle function, which is weakened in the joint due to a forced restriction of movements.
- PhonophoresisIt combines the advantages of ultrasound and drug effects on the body: Under the influence of the device, a pharmaceutical drug in the form of an ointment or cream penetrates through the skin to the hip joint.
- OzonotherapyReduces unpleasant sensations and activates the growth of cartilage due to the properties of the ozos-acid mixture.
Kine therapy
- Training therapyIt is regarded as the basis for the successful treatment of osteoarthritis of any localization: the regular implementation of a special training system strengthens the ligaments and muscles around the painful joint, which reduces the discomfort in the usual daily loads.
- massage(including lymphatic drainage) and manual therapy are aimed at passive work with muscles, ligaments and joints.Approaches with which people with coxarthrosis help reduce the need for tablets and injections, which reduces the pharmacological stress on the body.
- MechanotherapyThis implies working with simulators that help to exercise the joint without significant physical exertion, which is particularly in demand in patients of advanced age.
- Common trafficWith the help of a special traction apparatus or the hands of a manual therapist, it increases the space within the joint, which returns the pathological process several steps, facilitates symptoms and gives the body the time to restore the function of the hip joint.
Diet therapy
All patients with coksart rose are required, but most important for patients with obesity.Losing weight reduces the load on the inflamed joint and improves the metabolism.In combination with other conservative methods, you can forget a balanced diet of pain and other manifestations of the arthrosis of the hip joint.
Surgical treatment
This group includes procedures carried out by a surgeon in the operating room.With the exception of the puncture of the hip joint, all of them require hospital stays and a multiple recreation phase.With the coxarthritis of the 3rd degree, if conservative treatment does not relief, only the prosthetics help to save the patient from symptoms and pain and to bring him back the joy of movement.
- Puncture (minimal invasive intervention)It implies that it is pumped out of the joint of the excess fluid, which relieves pain and improves the mobility of the leg.It can be carried out repeatedly, especially when prescribing steroid medication.
- Arthroscopic debateIt implies the cleaning of the inner surface of the joint of fragments of the changed cartilage tissue and the washing of its cavity with a therapeutic solution to relieve inflammation.This operation is carried out by several punctures without opening the common cavity.
- Hemive osteotomy- An artificial fracture of the femur, followed by his fraining from a different angle with which the load can be reduced to the connection.Such an intervention cannot be referred to as a panacea - after 2 to 5 years the pain returns, but under some conditions, if the endoprosthetic is impossible, periosurgeosteotomy of the hip joint is the best solution to the problem of coxarthrosis.
- Endoprostheticsmeans a complete exchange of the connection for a prosthesis that can serve up to 20 years.Despite the complexity of the intervention, it is well tolerated by patients of different ages who are ready for active rehabilitation after the operation.The surgeons note that an important disease for success is the preliminary treatment of obesity and the use of kineshit therapy methods in order to restore the muscle strength in connection with the joint.
The prevention of osteoarthritis of the hip joint is important for people after 40 years, athletes and relatives of people with already diagnosed coksart rose or a fracture of the thigh neck.Doctors recommend that the risk group monitors the number before injuries (e.g. turning to orthopedics in the first symptoms of the arthrosis of the hip joint. Treatment of the disease must be held with a specialist who is experiencing changes in the patient's health and attentive.